2025年4月27日 星期日
语言战略研究
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略论思辨性阅读的内涵、路径与意义
余党绪
上海师范大学附属中学 上海
On the Connotation, Path, and Significance of Critical Reading
Yu Dangxu

输出:BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
文章导读 2017年颁布的《普通高中语文课程标准》与2022年颁布的《义务教育语文课程标准》都设置了“思辨性阅读与表达”学习任务群,这使得思辨成为热点。不过,关于什么是思辨,什么是思辨性阅读,思辨视域下的阅读主体与文本究竟构成怎样的关系,思辨的价值何在,思辨对于阅读改进的现实意义在哪里,等等,依然存在着诸多认识分歧与误区。本文拟从概念的内涵入手,借助批判性思维的相关研究成果,尝试回答这些问题,以求教于方家,求证于实践。
摘要 思辨即批判性思维,本质是理性的反思。思辨性阅读是借助批判性思维的原理、策略与方法而展开的旨在追求合理断言的阅读。在思辨性阅读中,文本是思辨的前提与基础,文本的客观性与独立性,既是对思辨的理性约束,也激发读者思辨求真。思辨性阅读是一个不断质疑、探究的过程,其一般路径是:文本实证(读文)→作者意图探究(读人)→自我反思(读我),以文本反思促进学生的自我反思,培养其实证探究能力与理性开放的精神品质。思辨的意义在于对话与融合,在思辨中才能达成读者与文本的对话、工具性与人文性的融合,而对话与融合正是语言实践的最大价值,也是阅读教学应该追求的最高境界。
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余党绪
关键词 思辨反思批判性思维文本思辨性阅读    
Abstract:Critical thinking, epitomized as discernment, embodies the essence of rational contemplation. Discursive reading, a facet of critical thinking, unfolds through the deployment of principles, strategies, and methodologies that aim to attain reasoned assertions. Within the realm of discursive reading, the textual composition serves as both the premise and the foundation for discernment. The objectivity and autonomy inherent to the text not only constitute rational constraints upon discernment but also incite readers toward the pursuit of truth through discernment. Discursive reading engenders an iterative process of questioning and exploration, with a general trajectory encompassing empirical engagement with the text(textual reading), probing of the author's intent (reading about the author), and self-reflection (reading about the reader per se). This trajectory fosters students' capacity for empirical inquiry and nurtures a disposition characterized by rational openness, catalyzed by textual reflection and interwoven with self-reflection. The significance of discernment lies in its capacity for dialogue and mutual inclusiveness. It is through discernment that a dialogue between the reader and the text is achieved, while concurrently uniting the instrumental and humanistic aspects. This amalgamation of dialogue and mutual inclusiveness constitutes the paramount value of linguistic practice, representing the pinnacle to which pedagogical endeavors in reading instruction should aspire.
Key wordsdiscernment    reflection    critical thinking    text    discursive reading
    
作者简介: 余党绪,男,上海师范大学附属中学正高级教师,主要研究方向为语文课程与教学。
引用本文:   
余党绪. 略论思辨性阅读的内涵、路径与意义[J]. 语言战略研究, 2024, 9(1): 26-35.
Yu Dangxu. On the Connotation, Path, and Significance of Critical Reading. , 2024, 9(1): 26-35.
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