Abstract Language emergency service is an important aspect of public emergency management. As an emerging research area in applied linguistics, language emergency studies have attracted much scholarly attention, and a wide range of issues concerning language emergency practice in various contexts have been investigated. This paper reviews the literature in language emergency studies abroad with a purpose to provide a reference for linguists in China. It is shown that the current research approaches language emergency from the perspectives of service demands and rights protection, language translation, language service forms, language information techniques and media discourse analysis. The main methodologies adopted include literature contrastive analysis, ethnography. and discourse analysis. The studies show features of interdisciplinary exploration and a combination of top-down and bottom-up research models. The approaches and methodology reviewed in this paper shows the future directions for emergency language studies in China.
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