2025年7月27日 星期日
语言战略研究
  语言战略研究 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
普通话儿童句法发展的里程碑
张云秋,彭鹏程,晁代金
首都师范大学 文学院 北京
Milestones in the Syntactic Development of Mandarin-Speaking Children
Zhang Yunqiu, Peng Pengcheng and Chao Daijin

输出:BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
文章导读 (一)概念界定和研究目标
早期句法如何发展是语言习得研究领域最有魅力的问题之一。其中,儿童语言发展需要习得哪些最为必要的句法知识,并且哪些句法现象的习得可以成为儿童句法发展的里程碑,这是具有理论价值又富于挑战性的课题。
摘要 句法启动、语序和成分结构、递归和功能标记是普通话儿童的最低限度句法知识,其习得标志着汉语普通话儿童“句法骨骼”的基本形成,可以根据它们的习得年龄段勾勒出汉语普通话儿童句法发展的里程碑。考察5名普通话儿童的早期纵贯性产出语料,发现其句法习得历程为:(1)以语调词–独词句的习得为标记,从1;00岁左右就通过韵律特征(语调)的启动而进入句法发展的萌芽期;1;05~1;06岁,进入双词句阶段时就对语序参数敏感,并且各类简单的成分结构开始涌现,在双词句产出后的两三个月里爆发式增长,功能范畴标记也同时涌现。(2)递归知识的习得稍晚于其他词语数量少的简单成分结构,2;00岁左右对宾语关系从句敏感,主语关系从句则在2;04岁左右产出,而涉及更为复杂的内嵌知识的关系从句则到3;00岁甚至之后才有产出。与印欧语儿童句法发展历程相比,既有共性也有差异,具有一定的类型学意义。
服务
把本文推荐给朋友
加入我的书架
加入引用管理器
E-mail Alert
RSS
作者相关文章
关键词 普通话儿童句法发展里程碑    
Abstract:Syntactic initiation, word order and component structure, recursion, and functional markers are the minimum syntactic knowledge for Mandarin-speaking children. Acquisition of those syntactic knowledge marks the basic formation of the “syntactic skeleton” of Mandarin-speaking children, and can outline milestones in the syntactic development of Mandarin-speaking children based on their age of acquisition. By examining the early longitudinal productive data of five Mandarin-speaking children, it was found that their syntactic acquisition process is as follows: (1) Using the acquisition of intonation words and holophrase as markers, children enter the embryonic stage of syntactic development around one year old through prosodic features (intonation); At the age 1;05 and 1;06 when children enter the stage of double-word sentences, they are sensitive to word order parameters, and various kinds of simple component structures begin to emerge. In the two to three months after the production of double-word sentences, there is an explosive growth, and functional category markers also emerge at the same time. (2) The acquisition of recursive knowledge is slightly later than that of simple component structures with fewer words. When children are around the age of 2;00, they are sensitive to object relative clauses, and subject relative clauses are produced around the age of 2;04, while relational clauses involving more complex embedded knowledge can be output until the age of 3;00 or even after. Compared with the syntactic development process of Indo-European-speaking children, the syntactic development of Mandarin-speaking children has both commonalities and differences, thus holding certain typological significance.
Key wordsMandarin-speaking children    syntactic development    milestones
    
基金资助:国家社科基金一般项目“类型学视野下的1—4岁普通话儿童句法发展研究”(19BYY078)。
作者简介: 张云秋,女,首都师范大学教授,主要研究方向为儿童语言习得、认知语法。彭鹏程,女,首都师范大学在读博士研究生,研究方向为儿童语言习得。晁代金,男,青岛科技大学讲师,研究方向为儿童语言习得。
引用本文:   
张云秋,彭鹏程,晁代金. 普通话儿童句法发展的里程碑[J]. 语言战略研究, 2024, 9(4): 45-58.
Zhang Yunqiu, Peng Pengcheng and Chao Daijin. Milestones in the Syntactic Development of Mandarin-Speaking Children. , 2024, 9(4): 45-58.
版权所有 © 2015 商务印书馆有限公司《语言战略研究》编辑部
地址:北京市东城区王府井大街36号 邮编:100710
电话:010-65219060;65219062 传真:010-65523101 E-mail:yyzlyj@cp.com.cn
本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发