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2020 Vol. 5, No. 6
Published: 2020-11-10

 
1 Time to Study Natural Oral Languages with AI Technology
Lin Maocan
Guide::《中国语音学报》近期刊登了科大讯飞公司祖漪清研究员等的论文《用语言复制方法记录濒危语言——锡伯语案例》。该文提出了用人工智能技术记录濒危语言的一种新方法。我们从这一研究成果看到:语言学家跟人工智能工程师协作,可以在下面两个方面先行动起来:一是研究表情语;二是研究焦点与篇章之间关系。这项研究既可以取得有国际话语权的语言学成果,也会对AI技术发展产生重要推动作用。
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 1-1 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
5 All Good Principles Should Adapt to Changing Times to Remain Relevant
Wang Hui
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 5-5 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
6 The New Mission of Language Affairs in the New Era
Yan Shi and Zhou Xiang
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20200601
Situated against a backdrop of the latest development of language and script affairs in the new era, this study attempts to embark upon a multidimensional examination of new situations, new demands, new challenges and new opportunities to be encountered from both domestic and international perspectives, and explores the implementation stages, contents, assessment index and major principles of new objectives of language work. On the basis of a review of thoughts and work on the modernization of the national language governance system and its capacity, this study proposes a top-down design and an implementation scheme, namely the ‘system + capacity’, as the path of carrying out the cause of language and script work, in order to construct a systematic framework for the governance system and its capacity for the development of language and script work in the new era.
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 6-16 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
17 Language Affairs of the People’s Republic of China: History and Accomplishments
Zhang Ripei
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20200602
This article reviews the history of language affairs of the People’s Republic of China (the PRC) and divides it into four periods: the implementation of language reforms, the strengthening of language norms and standards, the promotion of language harmony, and the construction of language strategies. This article summarizes the progress and accomplishments of the PRC’s language affairs over the past 70 years from eight aspects: (1) the simplification and standardization of the Chinese characters; (2) the promotion of Putonghua and modern Chinese norms, (3) the design and implementation of the scheme of the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet, (4) language informationization, (5) language legalization, (6) language protection, (7) language service, and (8) the inheritance and spread of language and culture. The experiences and characteristics of language affairs of the PRC include: keeping integrity and being enterprising; keeping steps with the national strategy and social trend; taking all factors into consideration and making decisions in a scientific way.
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 17-28 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
29 Some Thoughts on Modernization of Language Governance#br#
Wang Chunhui
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20200603
The modernization of state governance is a new concept formulated in 2013, marking a new stage in the historical process of China’s modernization. Modernization of language governance, as an important component of modernization of state governance and a new development of national language policy and planning in the new historical period, has two different connotations: “system and capacity” on the one hand, and “ontology and application” on the other. The modernization of language governance is embodied in many aspects, such as leadership, development patterns, concepts, institutions, science and technology, think tanks, teams and disciplines, etc. In face of unprecedented changes in the 21st century, China’s modernization of language governance has taken on new approaches and trends. In this paper, the historical positioning, connotations and dimensions of language governance modernization have been elaborated, and the views can hopefully advance the exploration of state governance modernization in China.
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 29-36 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
37 Multiple Views on Language and Script Work in the New Era
Li Yuming, Yao Xishuang, Zhang Shiping and Sa Qiang
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 37-40 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
41 The Significance of China’s Language-Based Approach to Poverty Alleviation
Wang Chunhui
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 41-41 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
42 The Theoretical Logic of Language-Driven Poverty Alleviation and Its Actual Effectiveness
Xiang Deping and Zhang Kun
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20200604
Language-driven poverty alleviation has been increasingly seen as an important part of poverty alleviation, which has achieved remarkable results in the Chinese context. Wider community language education can increase the human capital of the poor and promote upward social mobility and social integration. The popularization of lingua franca also contributes to spreading the modern scientific and cultural knowledge among poverty afflicted population and thus to effectively block the inter-generational transmission of poverty. Furthermore, an all-round exchanges and cooperation among ethnic groups also benefit from language education to a great extent. Through examination of habitual practice and the effectiveness of language-driven poverty alleviation from perspectives of economy, linguistic capital and sociolinguistics, this paper attempts to argue that in order to win the battle of poverty alleviation with high quality, it is necessary to deal with the relationship between material poverty alleviation and intellectual poverty alleviation. In addition to this, it is also essential to emphasize the relationship between phased tasks and periodic work, and the relationship among the lingua franca, the minority languages and regional dialects in language-driven poverty alleviation effort. In the conclusion, we also highlight the importance of giving full consideration to the actual effectiveness achieved through language-driven poverty alleviation implementation.
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 42-49 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
50 Principles and Methods of Evaluation on Language-Driven Poverty Alleviation
Rao Gaoqi and Wei Hui
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20200605
Poverty is highly concentrated in the mountainous areas and border regions in China, where the communication barrier is widely seen as an important contributing factor in blocking the national campaign to eliminate poverty. While the role of language education in helping individuals out of poverty has drawn increasing attention from educators and language practitioners, the principles and methods of evaluation on language-driven poverty alleviation remain an area that has not yet been addressed by researchers. In this paper, we first give a brief introduction to the concept of language-driven poverty alleviation, with focus on two main issues: what to evaluate and how to evaluate the effectiveness of language-driven poverty alleviation. From the perspective of language function, we endeavor to argue that the effectiveness evaluation of language-driven poverty alleviation should attach importance to the aspects of language function, and foreground the economic returns and symbolic accomplishment of linguistic capital as a result of language status planning. The effectiveness evaluation should also adhere to the principles of combining structural evaluation with functional evaluation, objective with subjective evaluation, overall evaluation with special focus evaluation. All of these should be implemented in a form of multiple layered manner. This paper also puts forward the third-party evaluation, urban-rural regional integration evaluation and other evaluation methods.
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 50-57 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
58 A Survey on the Language Situation in Rural Areas of Minnan Region
Fu Yirong and Hu Ping
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20200606
The promotion of Putonghua for poverty alleviation has been a crucial aspect of the governmental agenda on language affairs in China. Currently the rural and poverty-stricken regions are the focal areas for Putonghua popularization and promotion. In Minnan (i.e. southern Fujian province) region, where Hokkien is the common speech for local residents, poverty alleviation via Putonghua promotion in rural areas is still an arduous task to accomplish. In this study, the language situation in Minnan rural areas was investigated in order to provide a baseline for further promotional work. A survey of language ability was conducted among 688 rural residents sampled in Minnan region, and the variables of location, age, gender and educational level were taken into account in the analysis. The results show that Putonghua is popularized in the region through constant promotional endeavors, yet the general proficiency of Putonghua in the rural population is still at a low level. The rural area of Zhangzhou will be the major site for Putonghua promotion in the next phase, mainly targeting at the middle-aged group with primary or no education. The authors contend that the promotion of Putonghua is currently not a threat to the maintenance and social status of Hokkien in the region; it will instead nurture more diglossic language users competent in both Hokkien and Putonghua.
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 58-68 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
69 The Interplay of Myanmar Migrants’ Language Competence and Employment Trajectory at Ruili Yunnan
Li Jia and Zhang Jie
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20200607
Migrants’ language competence and employment trajectory is one of the key concerns in sociolinguistics in the context of globalization. However, existing studies tend to focus on the elite migrants in West-European and Anglophone countries while little attention has been paid to grassroots migrants at multilingual border regions. China’s Belt and Road Initiative is drawing an increasing number of migrants crossing the border to China for work. This has been shaping the language order of China’s border regions and also bringing a new challenge to China’s language-driven poverty alleviation. Based on an ethnographic field work conducted at Ruili, the largest land port between China and Myanmar, this study examines the interplay of Myanmar grassroots migrants’ language competence and employment trajectory in China. Findings indicate that language is the key capital for Myanmar migrants to survive and fulfil their employment. Chinese-mediated multilingual competence not only constitutes the ideal language combination to facilitate Myanmar migrants’ employment prospect and social upward mobility in China, but also creates regional economic integration across the China-and-Myanmar borders. This study sheds some lights on language governance in alleviating poverty along the Chinese border, construct a new way of developing Chinese as an international language at China’s border regions and also provide a new perspective on enhancing China’s Belt and Road Initiative.
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 69-77 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
78 Language and Poverty Research Abroad over the Last Twenty Years: A Bibliometric Analysis Using CiteSpace
Yin Xiaorong and Butler Nurlan
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20200608
The role of languages in poverty alleviation has received increasing attention in China. However, international scholarship in this field is yet to be introduced. This paper uses CiteSpace as a research tool to analyze the relevant literature in order to demonstrate the state of the art and trends concerning the relationship between language and poverty. Altogether 412 articles in the Web of Science database published between 1999 and 2019 have been selected for bibliometric analysis. The results show that the research output on this topic has been on the rise in the past two decades, and the contributions from research institutions in developed countries constitute the majority of the publications. This topic gains attentions in numerous disciplines, such as education, psychology, developmental psychology, educational psychology and linguistics. However, the most cited journals take different perspectives and methodologies in the exploration of language and poverty. Four major research themes have been identified in the literature: the impact of poverty on language development; the age variation of poverty on language speakers; impact of low family social-economic status on language learning and other language problems confronted by poor people. We suggest that future directions include building up research teams to conduct dedicated and sustainable research, collaboration among researchers in different disciplines, and expansion of research scope in this area.
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 78-87 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
88 On Language Planning for Public Emergency
Teng Yanjiang
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20200609
With the further development of China’s policy of reform and opening up, and the implementation of the strategy of going out in the new era, China is accelerating its integration into the world. As a result, China has seen increasing growth of the foreign resident community in recent years; in addition to that, the scope of activities of Chinese citizens abroad has also witnessed rapid expanding. In this context, in the event of a public emergency, overcoming language barriers and maintaining effective communication are essential. Therefore, emergency language services are put on the agenda and become an indispensable part of the emergency management system. In the efforts of dealing with the COVID-19 in 2020, while the emergency language service played a unique and irreplaceable role, it also encountered some problems that led to deficiencies, providing us with an opportunity to review the achievements of the emergency language service endeavours at the national level. This article first discusses the connotation and necessity of emergency language service planning, and then advocates a systemic mechanism planning including language (dialect) planning, talent planning, technical planning, profession planning, and public (community) education planning. This advocation aims to do a better job in pre-disaster prevention, intra-disaster response, and post-disaster recovery. The paper intends to show the importance of fully utilizing the characteristics and advantages of China’s emergency management system, thus to comprehensively improve China’s emergency language service capabilities and actively promote the modernization of China’s emergency management.
2020 Vol. 5 (6): 88-96 [Abstract] ( 0 ) HTML (1 KB)  PDF  (0 KB)  ( 0 )
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