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2021 Vol. 6, No. 4
Published: 2021-07-10
1
Language Policy in Macau: Three Scripts and Languages in Harmony
Cheng Xianghui
2021 Vol. 6 (4): 1-1 [
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Centenary Talk on Language Modernization
Chen Duxiu, Qu Qiubai, Lu Xun, Chen Wangdao, Qian Xuantong, Li Jinxi, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Wu Yuzhang, Luo Changpei, Wang Li, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, Hu Qiaomu, Lü Shuxiang, Zhou You
2021 Vol. 6 (4): 5-8 [
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9
Introduction: Revisit of
Huayu
and
Huayu
Inheritance
Guo Xi
2021 Vol. 6 (4): 9-10 [
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11
Chinese Diaspora,
Huayu
Community and
Huayu
Inheritance in Malaysia
Yao Min
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20210401
Malaysia can be regarded as a model in
Huayu
inheritance and it has obtained rich experiences in the practice of keeping
Huayu
alive. Over recent decades, Malaysian Chinese has experienced a transformation from an ethnic Chinese society to a Huayu community, which means a true realization of using
Huayu
in daily life. This change ensures the vitality of Chinese and has proved to be a significant and effective way for
Huayu
inheritance. In the digital economy era, with technological advancement, a salient change has happened in the
Huayu
community in Malaysian: the effort in
Huayu
inheritance has broken the limitation in space constraints, extending
Huayu
use to more functional domains and changing the mode of
Huayu
inheritance. The role of new Chinese media has become increasingly prominent as the function of Huayu continues to expand, which in turn provides new motivation for the inheritance and spreading of Malaysian
Huayu
. Research on Malaysian
Huayu
inheritance helps deepen the understanding of the relationship between Huayu community and
Huayu
inheritance and is bound to provide a valuable reference for global efforts of
Huayu
inheritance.
2021 Vol. 6 (4): 11-18 [
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19
A Study of the Model of
Huayu
Inheritance in Myanmar
Li Chunfeng
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20210402
Previous studies have identified various models of
Huayu
inheritance among overseas Chinese and different factors underlying these models. This study focuses on the model of
Huayu
inheritance in Myanmar, which is characterized by four development stages and two inheritance chains. Three elements constitute the changing system of
Huayu
inheritance model in Myanmar: the model of
Huayu
inheritance, the vitality of Burmese versus Chinese inside and outside Chinese families, and the lingua-cultural adaptation relationship. As far as its development trend is concerned, the model of “outward adaptation to the majority language and inward maintenance of the minority language” is the historical choice; the vitality of Burmese outweighing that of Chinese is the trend, and the lingua-cultural development trend between Chinese and Burmese cultures is towards assimilation. The national language policy has a check and balance effect on the language and culture of cross-border immigrants, and it even plays a decisive role in their development trend. In addition, the economic value of
Huayu
is the main driving force for the new Chinese descendants to inherit H
uayu
. It is suggested that Chinese descendants should deal with the relationship of language identity, ethnic identity and national identity, thus building a bridge of mutual trust and assistance between China and Myanmar.
2021 Vol. 6 (4): 19-28 [
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29
A Study of Family Language Policy and
Huayu
Inheritance in the Cambodia Chinese Diaspora
Liu Hui
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20210403
This paper adopts a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to investigate the family language policy and
Huayu
inheritance in the Chinese diaspora of Oudong, Cambodia. Generally, the research results show that the Chinese families play an important role in preserving and maintaining
Huayu
in Cambodia. The parents made full use of the resources available inside and outside the family to empower
Huayu
. Compared to the parents, the younger generation’s overall
Huayu
proficiency has shown clear improvement in terms of frequency of uses and language competence. Both parents and children have a high loyalty to
Huayu
and a strong identification with their Chinese ethnic identity, and their
Huayu
inheritance has symbolic and instrumental motivations. The main factors that may influence Huayu inheritance include: the self-empowerment of Chinese people, the prestige of
Huayu
in a broader sense and the spread of new Chinese media, the language resilience of Huayu, and the bilateral relations between China and Cambodia. In the future, more interdisciplinary research on the overseas Chinese communities is required to measure the actual effects of these factors and generalize the universal mechanisms governing the inheritance of
Huayu
.
2021 Vol. 6 (4): 29-43 [
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44
A Study of
Huayu
Inheritance of the Second-Generation Chinese Americans in New Jersey
Cao Xianwen and Jin Mei
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20210404
Language maintenance and language shift among overseas Chinese has received much attention in recent years. Various models and factors have been proposed to describe, explain and predict language maintenance and language shift among this group. This study investigates
Huayu
inheritance of the second-generation Chinese immigrants in New Jersey. The results show that while the second-generation Chinese Americans are dispersed among other local ethnic groups and most of them experience the process of language shift from Chinese to English, they still maintain their Chinese proficiency to varying degrees. This study finds that the weekend Chinese school plays a significant role in their
Huayu
inheritance, and their language attitudes and family environment also play a key role. In the era of globalization, the new Chinese immigrants no longer live in a Chinese community, but are scattered among other local ethnic groups. It has become a major issue on how to take advantage of various favorable factors to develop a new model to facilitate cross-generational inheritance of
Huayu
.
2021 Vol. 6 (4): 44-55 [
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56
Review of Early Nanyang
Huayu
Textbooks: Their Basic Features and Contemporary Values
Zhu Xiaohong
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20210405
Early Nanyang
Huayu
textbooks are the pioneers in spreading Chinese and Chinese culture overseas and also historical resources for the inheritance of
Huayu
. The textbooks were large in number, diverse in form, and unique in design. They used to have a significant influence on
Huayu
education among the Chinese diaspora in Southeast Asia. This article reviews two textbooks, The New Edition of One Thousand Characters and The Vernacular Gist of Confucianism, as examples to demonstrate the basic features and contemporary values of the early Nanyang
Huayu
textbooks. The article holds that these textbooks can serve as conceptual references for developing
Huayu
heritage textbooks, provide materials for reconstructing the historical development of
Huayu
and the evolution of Huayu textbooks, and thus be an important part of a corpus of Huayu resources. Therefore, in order to preserve the rich and unique features of these historical texts for future use and research, this article argues that these textbooks should be systematically rescued and incorporated into a corpus of early
Huayu
textbooks used in Southeast Asia.
2021 Vol. 6 (4): 56-64 [
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65
A Review of the Overseas
Huayu
Inheritance
Lin Yuhuan
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20210406
The inheritance of H
uayu
in overseas context is a field that has attracted much academic attention and yielded numerous research findings in recent years. This paper reviews the
Huayu
inheritance studies with a purpose to generalize the focal research topics and suggest directions for future research in this area. The previous studies on
Huayu
inheritance can be categorized into four research strands, namely, learners in the inheritance, promoters of inheritance, factors influencing inheritance and the inheritance paths. An analysis of the relevant literature reveals that the research on inheritance of
Huayu
in overseas context is characterized by ever-expanding research areas, more diversified perspectives, region-specific research topics, increasingly in-depth theoretical explorations, and imbalanced research endeavors in inheritance paths, subjects and contributing factors. In light of the findings in previous research, future studies on this area can place more emphasis on the theorization of overseas
Huayu
inheritance, the language life of overseas Huayu, the construction of family-based language inheritance system, the cataloguing and utilization of overseas
Huayu
resources as well as the institutionalization and implementation of “Heritage Chinese Language Proficiency Test”.
2021 Vol. 6 (4): 65-78 [
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79
Interdisciplinary Talk: Views on the Inheritance of Huayu Overseas
Dong Pengcheng, Guo Quanqiang, Lin Yuanrui, Xie Shiya, Fu Fujin, Wang Weiqi, Ke Donghai, Ma Liping, Wu Guoying and Chen Lijiao
2021 Vol. 6 (4): 79-85 [
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86
On the Language Life of Hong Kong’s Multilingual Community
Shi Youwei
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20210407
This article discusses three aspects of Hong Kong’s language life: three forms of Chinese, community words, and Chinese character forms. First, Hong Kong is a community composed of multilingual people, and the use of multilingual codes is the reality of Hong Kong’s language life. There are three forms of Hong Kong Chinese in writing: General Chinese, Hong Kong Chinese, and Cantonese Chinese. The multilingual phenomenon in Hong Kong is caused by a variety of sociopolitical factors such as language distance, language hierarchy, character availability, governance modality, community positioning, cluster effect, historical habits, and psychological recognition. Second, community words are categorized from the perspective of regional society or the relationship between words and society and should be understood from the “community-specific” perspective. Community words break through the limitations of dialect words and foreign words and the boundaries between sociolinguistics and noumental linguistics. Around the world, under the national standard language, there may be community words in every multi-dialect community. Third, Hong Kong has experimented on the coexistence of traditional and simplified Chinese characters. In the atmosphere of traditional characters, new developments can be expected in the unification of the traditional and simplified characters. The language life in Hong Kong has similar features with other Chinese-speaking communities, thus shall be accorded universal significance.
2021 Vol. 6 (4): 86-96 [
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