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2024 Vol. 9, No. 4
Published: 2024-07-10
1
Parallelism of Syntactic and Tonal Changes in the Contact of Hehuang Dialects
Xing Xiangdong
2024 Vol. 9 (4): 1-1 [
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5
Interdisciplinary Talk on Language
: Information Accessibility Construction
Sun Shanqiu, Song Huan and Miyuki Kawasaki
Optimal Solutions for Barrier-Free Information Access and 5G Wireless Coverage ...
Sun Shanqiu
Barrier-Free Information Access Should Facilitate Educational Accommodation ...
Song Huan
Yasashii Nihongo in the Age of Cultural Pluralism ...
Miyuki Kawasaki
2024 Vol. 9 (4): 5-9 [
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10
Introduction
: An Barrier-Free Society Should Be the Ideal in the Digital Era
Li Yuming
2024 Vol. 9 (4): 10-11 [
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12
A Survey of Language Services for the Urban Elderly in China
Wang Ling
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20240401
Guide::
(一)研究背景
2023年9月1日,《中华人民共和国无障碍环境建设法》开始实施。其总则第一章第一条提出:“为了加强无障碍环境建设,保障残疾人、老年人平等、充分、便捷地参与和融入社会生活,促进社会全体人员共享经济社会发展成果,弘扬社会主义核心价值观,根据宪法和有关法律,制定本法。”
无障碍建设理念最初由国际社会为改善残障人士的出行、生活体验而提出,随后扩展至面向老、弱、病、残等众多特殊群体。无障碍由生活无障碍、信息无障碍两部分构成(李宇明2022)。本文关注数字化时代的中国健康老年人信息无障碍问题。
This study used semi-structured interviews and observation to explore the linguistic communication barriers of the urban elderly in daily and institutional communication, with the hospital as a representative of the institutions. The findings show that the causes of language communication barriers for the urban elderly fall into three categories: weak coding and decoding skills, insufficient capabilities in the digitalization of information, and a low level of awareness in language services at the social level. Currently, there are three solutions for the urban elderly to overcome language communication barriers: individual social networks, services and products provided by enterprises, and government-community language services, but the only effective solution is the language support of core members of individual social networks. The over-reliance on core members is problematic, as it shows deficiencies of other solutions. Overcoming the urban elderly’s language communication barriers and bridging the digital divide in terms of information access, media use and linguistic communication knowledge requires the establishment of an all-encompassing, multifaceted safeguard system at the individual, enterprise, and government-community levels, and with the support of the national policy.
2024 Vol. 9 (4): 12-22 [
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23
Accessibility of Drug Label Information: Analytical Framework and Problem Identification
Zhang Hongqian and Hu Fanzhu
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20240402
The implementation of
Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Construction of Accessible Environment
in 2023 marks the extension of the target population of China’s “accessibility transformation” from people with disabilities and the elderly to the entire population in need. The provisions on accessibility transformation of drug labels are related to the safety of medication for the entire population. In this study, 100 kinds of daily household medicines were randomly sampled and analyzed from three perspectives: information structure, discourse form, and symbol mode of drug labels. It was found that with the continuous promotion of relevant national regulations, the information accessibility of drug labels in China has reached a certain level. However, there are still some problems. In terms of information structure, it is necessary to highlight “warning signs”. In terms of discourse structure, the principle of consumer-centric should be implemented, and the most important information perceived by the end consumer, such as functions and indications, dosage and administration, should be placed in a prominent position. In terms of symbol mode, it is necessary to strengthen the awareness of using Braille and English, and more importantly, improve the colorless steel stamp form of time-related information to avoid creating recognition barriers for most consumers. Thus, an analytical framework based on speech acts has been constructed for the intervention of linguistics in social language life, which includes the distribution of information structure elements, the arrangement of discourse structures, and the morphological rhetoric of symbol modes.
2024 Vol. 9 (4): 23-33 [
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34
A Case Study of Language Services in Higher Education for Individuals with Language Disorders
Liu Xiaoyu
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20240403
Higher education is a critical pathway for individuals with language disorders to achieve personal development. This study employs a longitudinal qualitative case study method, tracking and examining three individuals with language disorders who differ in terms of the types of language disorders, educational levels, higher education models, and the country in which they receive higher education. The investigation delves into their language difficulties and needs from three perspectives: the agents, the methods, and the contents of language services. The findings reveal that the language service issues they face fall into three categories: misalignment of language service agents, imbalance in language service methods, and lack of language service contents. Correspondingly, there is a need to clearly define the agents of language services and their scope of responsibilities, enhance their awareness of language services, establish a service model for all stages of higher education, clarify the language service process, provide language service information during transitional stages, and enrich accessible language resources for those with language disorders. The research indicates that the perceptions of language functions which affect language service capacity, the confusion between communication rights and language service rights, and the high demand for accessible language resources are deep-rooted causes of language service issues and needs. The study suggests increasing the promotion of the multifunctionality of sign language and Braille, boosting the motivation of language service agents through incentive mechanisms, systematically assessing the actual needs of individuals with language disorders, establishing a dynamic evaluation system for language services. Additionally, it is crucial to explore the significant value of accessible language resources and plan the construction of a sharing model of language services.
2024 Vol. 9 (4): 34-44 [
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45
Milestones in the Syntactic Development of Mandarin-Speaking Children
Zhang Yunqiu, Peng Pengcheng and Chao Daijin
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20240404
Syntactic initiation, word order and component structure, recursion, and functional markers are the minimum syntactic knowledge for Mandarin-speaking children. Acquisition of those syntactic knowledge marks the basic formation of the “syntactic skeleton” of Mandarin-speaking children, and can outline milestones in the syntactic development of Mandarin-speaking children based on their age of acquisition. By examining the early longitudinal productive data of five Mandarin-speaking children, it was found that their syntactic acquisition process is as follows: (1) Using the acquisition of intonation words and holophrase as markers, children enter the embryonic stage of syntactic development around one year old through prosodic features (intonation); At the age 1;05 and 1;06 when children enter the stage of double-word sentences, they are sensitive to word order parameters, and various kinds of simple component structures begin to emerge. In the two to three months after the production of double-word sentences, there is an explosive growth, and functional category markers also emerge at the same time. (2) The acquisition of recursive knowledge is slightly later than that of simple component structures with fewer words. When children are around the age of 2;00, they are sensitive to object relative clauses, and subject relative clauses are produced around the age of 2;04, while relational clauses involving more complex embedded knowledge can be output until the age of 3;00 or even after. Compared with the syntactic development process of Indo-European-speaking children, the syntactic development of Mandarin-speaking children has both commonalities and differences, thus holding certain typological significance.
2024 Vol. 9 (4): 45-58 [
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59
The Assessment of Chinese Children’s Language Development: Overview and Reflections
Zhang Yibin, Dai Xiyu, Guo Shaoyang and Zhou Jing
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20240405
The assessment of Chinese children’s language development remains nascent, though three prominent trends have emerged in recent years: diversification, multimodality, and integration of artificial intelligence. However, in comparison to international research, three key challenges persist: the marginal role of linguistics, potentially leading to biased assessments; the absence of a localized assessment system; and the relative scarcity of relevant databases. To address these challenges, three targeted recommendations are proposed for establishing an assessment system specific for Chinese children’s language development. First, it is crucial to establish a distinct discipline of children linguistics focused on “researching children’s language for children”, involving the development of relevant courses and teaching materials, along with strengthening interdisciplinary teaching teams. Second, a shift away from Western-centric thinking is necessary to foster the independent development of the Chinese children’s language assessment system. Finally, the creation of a shareable database platform for Chinese children’s language development is essential to effectively embrace the advent of the data era.
2024 Vol. 9 (4): 59-65 [
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66
A Study on the Current Situation of “Archaic-differentiation and Modern-merging” in Chinese Characters across Taiwan Straits and Hong Kong
Zhang Suge and Chen Shuangxin
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20240406
The “Archaic-differentiation and Modern-merging” of Chinese characters refers to those Chinese characters or components that were different in shapes, sounds and meanings in ancient time but have evolved into current Chinese characters or components with unified written forms, sounds and meanings. By examining and comparing the written forms of these Chinese characters and components that are in current use in Mainland China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong based on the Comparative Dictionary of Chinese Character Forms (published by Zhonghua Book Company in Hong Kong), this study has identified 12 groups of characters or components involving over 400 characters: 舌—、臼—𦥑、林—、夊—夂—攵、艹—卝、丰—丯—豐、匚—匸、壬—、冃—曰、另—叧—、月—⺼、曰—日。Having analyzed these characters one by one, it reveals that for these “Archaic-differentiation and Modern-merging” characters and components, Mainland China generally integrates them into one form based on historical inheritance and contemporary practical considerations; Taiwan, however, deliberately distinguishes them to maintain the continuity of ancient forms; Hong Kong is largely consistent with Taiwan but leaves room for flexibility by accepting integrated forms with historical inheritance and contemporary practical foundations as acceptable written variants. The inconsistencies in differentiation and integration of these characters and components across the three regions, although do not pose major obstacles to reading comprehension, they do create problems for basic education and teaching of Chinese characters worldwide, especially for Chinese character information processing. It is hoped that the three regions can work towards convergence on these micro-level issues of written forms, ultimately achieving true “unity in written language”.
2024 Vol. 9 (4): 66-81 [
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81
Study on Language Consolation for the Elderly
He Lin and Wang Zhaoyu
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20240407
Language consolation for the elderly refers to the linguistic service that provides emotional support and psychological counseling to people over 60 years old and above, through the use of language-text-related products and discourse means, to meet the needs for emotion regulation, knowledge acquisition, and social participation. The three major elements of language consolation include the elderly, consolers and the consolation environment. To establish a system for language consolation for the elderly, it is crucial to first acknowledge the differences within this group and infer individual consolation needs based on characteristics such as age, education level, and place of residence. Secondly, efforts should be made to cultivate diverse types of language consolers, practicing three modes of consolation: conversation, reading, and narration. Finally, an appropriate environment where language consolation could be fostered to facilitate interconnectivity within the elderly group and between different age groups. Implementing language consolation for the elderly not only benefits their survival and development but also promotes social cohesion and a collective effort to actively address the problems and challenges caused by the aging population.
2024 Vol. 9 (4): 81-88 [
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89
Rescue of Native Spoken Language: A Survey in Gansu Province
Guo Qijun
DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20240408
The term ‘native spoken language’ denotes an oral linguistic form that illiterate individuals acquire via oral communication. It exhibits the inherent characteristics of a native language, including the originality of linguistic features, naturalness of expressions and a confined scope of usage. An investigation of native spoken language is pivotal for revealing the intrinsic aspects of natural spoken language and the impact of Chinese language education on oral languages, offering a profound understanding of the cultural foundation and linguistic utilization within a specific locale. Owing to the national promotion of standard Chinese education and the demographic transition towards an older population, native spoken language is now the most endangered variety, representing a critical important language resource and cultural heritage in dire need of preservation efforts. The investigation of naive spoken language should adhere to the tenets of prompt intervention, thoroughness, societal engagement, and standardization to ascertain the criticality, immediacy, and detailed methodologies for investigative undertakings. This article presents a model survey of the native spoken language in the Qin’an district of Gansu province, generalizing its distinctive features across lexical, syntactic, discursive, and stylistic dimensions. Lexically, it is characterized by a specialized and circumscribed lexicon, with vernacular and widespread terms. Syntactically, it is characterized by brevity of sentence construction and simplicity of structure. At the discourse level, it exhibits a high degree of redundancy, limited logical coherence, and a strong reliance on context. At the stylistic level, everyday vernacular constitutes its primary component. The methodology and findings have implications for the preservation of endangered varieties of Chinese in China.
2024 Vol. 9 (4): 89-96 [
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