The evolution of language policy in the more than 2000 years from the pre-Qin (221BC-206 BC) to the late Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) in China is also characterized by subjectivity and diversity. Generally speaking, the policies of the unifi ed Chinese characters, and the writing and phonological norms, and the Buddhist translation and the Chinese characters spread, are the mainstream of ancient Chinese language policy. These policies are closely related to the “unifi cation” of Chinese language and culture, and to the advancement and inclusiveness of China culture. Also these policies are compatible with the unity, long-term and stability of Chinese feudal society. However, those policies made by minority rulers such as the creation and implementation of writing systems for ethnic minorities, and the national language and/or the national writing system of ethnic minorities, and multilingualism, are the tributary of ancient Chinese language policy. And those policies are closely related to the establishment and consolidation of ethnic minority regime, and are associated with the ethnic language identity and the thought of language nationalism. The fi ne culture written by writing systems of ethnic minorities plays an important role in the history of the development of their ethnic culture, and also adds valuable varieties to the treasure trove of Chinese national culture. The policy of Fenshu Kengru ( 焚书坑儒, burn books and bury the literati in pits) and Wenziyu ( 文字狱, literary inquisition) is a continuation of an undercurrent in the river of ancient Chinese language policy. Thepolicy is in line with the political and cultural despotism pursued by the Chinese feudal dynasty.