2025年3月31日 星期一
语言战略研究
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“一带一路”沿线国家语言状况
王 辉 王亚蓝
(宁夏大学国际教育学院;宁夏大学语言规划与语言政策研究所  宁夏  银川 750021)
Language Situation of “the Belt and Road” Countries
Wang Hui and Wang Yalan

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摘要 

本文从官方语言、官方语言谱系分类、主体民族语言、外语及少数民族语言五个维度,概述和分析了“一带一路”沿线国家的语言状况。“一带一路”沿线65个国家中有53种官方语言,属于九大语系,语言资源丰富,语言状况复杂。沿线国家重视语言问题,语言使用呈现出鲜明的区域特色。在对这些国家语言状况初步研究的基础上,本文提出一些思考,以期为我国制定和实施面向“一带一路”的语言战略提供参考。

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王 辉 王亚蓝
关键词 &ldquo一带一路&rdquo沿线国家语言状况语言战略    
Abstract

 This article explores the language situation of the “the Belt and Road” countries,including official language,ethnic language,and foreign language.Drawing on an extensive secondary research of offi cial and scholarly literature,we propose that at least 65 countries are connected by “the Belt and Road”,and no less than 53 official languages are used in these countries.The study fi nds that most of the countries have one official language,except 12 countries which have more than one official language.Further,most of the countries emphasize the importance of official language and stipulate that in the constitutions.Arabic serves as the offi cial language of 14 countries,mostly in West Asia and North Africa.Moreover,various ethnic languages are spoken in “the Belt and Road” countries,and the distribution of ethnic languages is closely connected to the historical and political situations of the country concerned.Foreign language is an important part in the language situation of these countries.English is a global language and in many cases is a second language or a foreign language in “the Belt and Road” countries.Languages such as Russian have enduring regional infl uences and still are widely used in the former Soviet Union countries.Remarkably,Chinese becomes increasingly important along with the establishment of Confucius Institutes.The paper shows that “the Belt and Road” countries have rich linguistic resources,complex language situations,and that language issues can be crucial for the success of “the Belt and Road Initiatives”.

Key wordsthe countries along “the Belt and Road”    language situation    language strategy
    
基金资助:本文为国家语委“一带一路”语言文字专项课题“‘一带一路’国家语言状况与语言政策系列丛书”(WT125-87)阶段性研究成果。
作者简介: 王辉,男,宁夏大学国际教育学院 / 语言规划与语言政策研究所教授,主要研究方向为语言规划与语言政策、语言传播及社会语言学。王亚蓝,男,宁夏大学语言规划与语言政策研究所研究人员,主要研究方向为语言规划与语言政策、社会语言学。
引用本文:   
王 辉 王亚蓝. “一带一路”沿线国家语言状况[J]. 语言战略研究, 2016, 1(2): 13-19.
Wang Hui and Wang Yalan. Language Situation of “the Belt and Road” Countries. , 2016, 1(2): 13-19.
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