文章导读 自闭症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder，以下简称自闭症），又称孤独谱系障碍、孤独症，是一种极具异质性的儿童神经发育障碍性疾病，其核心症状包括社会交往与交流障碍，以及兴趣狭窄与刻板重复的行为方式。自闭症自儿童早期起病，损害个体较为广泛的功能，严重时具有极高的终身致残率，给儿童及其家庭造成极大的经济负担和疾病痛苦。根据世界卫生组织最新报告的自闭症流行病学结果，世界各地自闭症的患病率呈逐年增加的趋势，从最初的0.03%～0.04%增长到目前公认的1%（Lord et al. 2018）。以美国为例，据美国疾病控制中心2009年公布的数据，每110名0～14岁儿童中有1人患自闭症，而2018年最新报告的数据已经上升至每59名儿童中就有1人。研究者于2015年在北京地区进行的流行病学调查发现，中国学龄期儿童的自闭症患病率也高达1.19%，与全球自闭症患病率基本持平（Sun et al. 2015）。随着自闭症患病率的逐年递增，如何科学指导自闭症儿童提升语言沟通能力并融入社会，是我国乃至全世界都需要面临的重大公共卫生问题。
Abstract：The global prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased progressively in recent years. Of note is that expressive language level of five-year-old children with ASD is one of the strongest predictors of outcomes in ASD. Despite the rich literature investigating expressive language development in young children learning Indo-European languages, limited research has explored the current status of the expressive language development of the general population of preschool Chinese children with ASD. The present article first summarizes the characteristics of early expressive language development of preschool children with ASD learning Indo-European languages, and then reviews our recent large-scale studies evaluating expressive language development of the general population of preschool Chinese children with ASD. Specifically, adopting the language assessments of the Putonghua Communicative Development Inventory, these studies have evaluated the lexical, grammatical, pragmatic/socially-based subdomains of language in Chinese preschool children with ASD across the spectrum, making comparisons within the ASD group or across populations (with typically developing children or other groups of children with language delay). The results suggest that Chinese preschool children with ASD demonstrate severe delay in expressive language development. Moreover, the children with ASD vary hugely in their expressive language skills, which is manifested in a number of ways including the varied rate of expressive language development, as well as the exhibition of the variability of expressive language development across and within language domains. These findings highlight the urgency of enforcing efficient early language intervention in Chinese preschool children with ASD; moreover, they also offer specific guidance to the language intervention plans for preschool children with ASD in China.
苏 怡，莉蒂希娅·蕾格斯. 汉语自闭症学前儿童语言表达能力实证研究[J]. 语言战略研究, 2020, 5(2): 25-34.
Yi (Esther) Su and Letitia Naigles. Expressive Language Abilities of Mandarin-exposed Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). , 2020, 5(2): 25-34.
