文章导读 华语是以普通话为基础的全世界华人共同语（郭熙2012）。各个华语地区的华语称为“华语变体”，主要有：大陆普通话、台湾“国语”、港澳华语、新马印尼文莱的华语和其他华语（李宇明2017）。研究华语变体是全面认识大华语状况的基础。面向港澳地区的华语词汇研究，常比较港澳华语与内地华语的异同，研究成果丰富。但由于历史、政治、经济模式等原因，澳门与香港的特色华语词汇有所不同，也有研究分析澳门的华语特有词汇（汤志祥2008；程祥徽2018），但目前缺少基于大规模语料库系统地考察澳门华语词汇使用情况的研究。我们选取《全球华语大词典》（李宇明主编，以下简称《大词典》）中用于澳门地区的词汇，分析其来源、语音特点、构词方式和语义特征，并利用LIVAC汉语共时语料库（Linguistic Variation in Chinese Speech Communities）（以下简称LIVAC语料库）探讨澳门华语特色词汇的使用规律和发展趋势，为进一步深入研究澳门华语词汇和澳门社会提供一个新的角度。
Abstract：The study of Chinese varieties around the world, with their vocabulary being the most dynamic part, is the basis for a comprehensive understanding of the Chinese language. As a multilingual society characterized by three scripts and languages, Macao has offered an ideal site for language contact in the past several centuries. The Chinese Mandarin language in Macao has numerous words with local characteristics through constant contact with Cantonese, Portuguese, and English. However, there is a lack of systematic and large-scale corpus-based analysis of these special words. With A Comprehensive Dictionary of Global Huayu as the source of data, this study investigates 45 Macao Chinese words and describes their basic features in terms of vocabulary sources, phonetic features, word formation, and semantic features. In addition, an analysis of their regional distribution and word sense distribution in LIVAC shows that most words are used in other Sinophone regions, indicating a trend of gradual integration of Chinese. Furthermore, most of these words are in stable use, whereas a few of them are disappearing from the language life of Macao.
