中国跨境语言生活国内研究综述
A Review of the Perspectives and Literature of Cross-border Language Research in China
近年来国内对跨境语言的研究取得了长足发展,尤其在跨境语言使用方面。本文以语言生活视角梳理学界对于中国与周边国家跨境语言的研究成果,主要包括:关于跨境语言的理论探讨;中国周边跨境语言的数量及境内外使用的基本情况;一些重要的跨境语言生活个案或专题研究,如跨境俄罗斯语的地位变化,中亚国家国语的建设与发展,跨境景颇语的语言关系与语言认同,跨境朝鲜语等的语言规范与协调,东干语的传承与保护,跨境语言比较研究,等等。本文同时对“一带一路”背景下跨境语言的研究前景寄以期望。跨境语言是跨境民族交流沟通的天然“通道”, 未来“一带一路”背景下跨境语言研究大有可为。
Cross-border languages have attracted much academic attention in recent decades. In China, though the term cross-border languages was used by scholars in the 1980s, these languages did not become a focal research fi eld for sociolinguists until the 21st century. Nowadays, China’s studies on cross-border languages have boomed and demonstrated some specific characteristics. From the perspective of language situations or language life, this paper makes a general overview of Chinese scholars’ research of cross-border languages mainly used among China and its neighboring countries, examining their theoretical considerations and practical analysis in this fi eld. It shows that Chinese scholars have made endeavors to defi ne the concept of cross-border languages, differentiate their types, and establish customized research methodologies. The paper then presents some case studies of cross-border languages, including Russian, Central Asian languages, Jingpo and Donggan, to demonstrate Chinese scholars’ insights on the planning and management of cross-border languages in different contexts. In conclusion, this paper suggests that the cross-border languages research could be expanded and framed in the Belt and Road Initiative at the macro level. Cross-border languages are the natural channels for cross-border ethnic groups’ communication, and cross-border languages research in the context of Belt and Road are promising in the future.
跨境民族 / 跨境语言 / 语言生活 / 语言政策 / 语言认同
cross-border ethnic group / cross-border language / language situations / language policy / language identity
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