台湾地区四种拼音方案系统优化程度的计量比较
A Quantitative Comparison of System Optimization Degree of Four Chinese Romanization Spelling Systems Used in Taiwan
本文采用音形关系指标定量描写通用拼音方案,并与威妥玛式拼音、注音符号第二式和汉语拼音方案进行比较,结果表明:威妥玛式拼音的6项指标综合表现最低;注音符号第二式有4 项指标优于威妥玛式拼音;通用拼音方案多项指标优于威妥玛式拼音与注音符号第二式;汉语拼音方案有4 项指标优于通用拼音方案。综合来看,汉语拼音方案在音形对应关系和系统整体优化方面表现最佳。量化指标的使用为语言文字政策的制定与评估提供了新的方法与视角。
In recent history, four major Chinese Romanization transcription systems have offi cially been adopted in Taiwan, namely the General Chinese Phonetic Alphabet (GCPA), the Wade-Giles Scheme (WGS), the Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II (MPS II) and the Scheme of Chinese Phonetic Alphabet (SCPA). The advantages and disadvantages of these four systems have been a focus of discussion by researchers. Based on a quantitative comparison of six indices on the phoneme-grapheme relationship,this study attempts to analyse the features of each of four systems. The fi ndings show that WGS achieves the lowest in all of six indices and MPS II performs higher than those of WGS in four indices; although almost all indices of GCPA are superior to those of WRS and MPS II, it is SCPA that gains an advantage over those of GCPA in four indices. Based on the relationship between grapheme and phoneme and the degree of system optimization, the current study shows that, out of the four systems examined in this paper, SCPA is the best Chinese Romanization transcription system in both graphic representation of phoneme and economic efficacy in linguistic resource utilization. It is my hope that the use of quantitative indicators provides a new methodology and perspective for the formulation and evaluation of language policies.
汉语拼音方案 / 威妥玛式拼音 / 通用拼音 / 注音符号第二式 / 计量语言学 / 系统优化程度
Scheme of Chinese Phonetic Alphabet / Wade-Giles Scheme / general Chinese phonetic alphabet / Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II / quantitative linguistics / system optimization degree
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