威尔士语复兴的经验与思考

张新生,李明芳

语言战略研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (3) : 45-52.

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语言战略研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (3) : 45-52. DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20190304
语言战略研究

威尔士语复兴的经验与思考

  • 张新生,李明芳
作者信息 +

Some Thoughts on the Policies and Practices for the Welsh Language Revival

  • Zhang Xinsheng and Li Mingfang
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文章历史 +

摘要

威尔士有自己的语言和文化,16世纪中叶与英格兰合并后,政治上失去了独立性,威尔士语被边缘化。20世纪末,威尔士政府开始了威尔士语的保护和复兴工作,且随着威尔士地方政府自治权力的建立和逐步扩大,这一工作不断得到加强。近20多年来威尔士语保护和复兴的经验是:1.政府主导语言复兴规划并大力实施;2.大力发展与语言复兴相关的教育;3.语言复兴政策深入到日常和经济生活;4.加强语言复兴工作的国际合作。从中至少可以得出4个结论:1.政府语言规划和资源投入的一贯性是语言复兴的前提条件;2.政策覆盖的全面性是语言复兴的基本保障;3.立法执法是语言复兴的重要手段;4.提高经济效益是语言复兴的关键所在。

Abstract

Wales has its own distinctive indigenous language and culture. However, since its union with England in the mid-16 century, the political influence of Wales was marginalised for a long time, and the use of its language Welsh was also on the decline. Since the end of the 20th century when Wales had its own government, it has made great efforts to maintain and revive the Welsh language. This work becomes intensified along with the increasing political power of the Welsh government. The success of Welsh conservation and revival can be attributed to a range of language-related policies, including Welsh government’s consistent language revival policies and practices; development of language revival education; integration of language policy in people’s daily life, and international collaboration in the language maintenance and revival work. Some conclusions can be drawn from the Welsh revival experiences. First, the government should have coherent and consistent planning policies backed up with resources. Second, a wide coverage of the policies are the guarantee for language revival. Third, legislations and their implementations are critical means for language revival. Lastly, the economic value of the language is a key factor for language revival. Overall, the experience of Welsh revitalization in Wales can provide a useful reference for the maintenance and revival of other minority languages in the world.

关键词

威尔士语 / 语言政策 / 语言保护 / 语言复兴

Key words

Welsh language / language policy / language protection / language revival

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导出引用
张新生,李明芳. 威尔士语复兴的经验与思考[J]. 语言战略研究. 2019, 4(3): 45-52 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20190304
Zhang Xinsheng and Li Mingfang. Some Thoughts on the Policies and Practices for the Welsh Language Revival[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2019, 4(3): 45-52 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20190304

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