摘要
跨国公司能够对分公司内部的交往和交际过程施加影响,并改变其所在地区的语言环境。本文对分别位于捷克弗雷斯塔和弗里代克-米斯泰克的德国和韩国企业展开长期近距离观察,运用“语言管理理论”(Language Management Theory)的理论和方法,描写它们如何通过内部和外部的社会文化管理改变其所在和邻近城镇的社会语言生活和语言景观。调查发现,德国公司和韩国公司采用类似的国际化策略,均希望自己被视为全球企业,而非仅为德国企业或韩国企业,因而在运营中积极推进英语化战略,但措施不同,结果也不同。德国与捷克两国文化一致性较高,捷克民众中能使用德语和英语的人较多,德国总部无须派出大量员工入驻弗雷斯塔,因此德国公司对当地语言环境施加了较小的影响。而韩语对捷克民众而言十分陌生,韩国公司管理人员英语水平又相对较低,而且韩国公司派驻弗里代克-米斯泰克的人员较多,因此韩国公司对当地交通、街道、餐饮、住宿、学校、网络等领域的语言环境施加了较多的社会文化管理,影响也较大。
Abstract
Multinational companies can relatively easily affect the social and communicative processes taking place not only within their branches, but also in their geographical surroundings. This feature has been largely overlooked in the specialized sociolinguistics literature. In this paper, we focus on how multinational companies that operate in the Czech Republic and are based in two countries, Germany and South Korea, change the social and language life, and also the appearance (linguistic landscape), of neighboring towns. We begin by detailing the research background that has led to the current project. We then take a more critical look at the context we are currently examining and introduce our theoretical-methodological approach, based in Language Management Theory (Jernudd & Neustupný 1987; Nekvapil 2016). We detail the most relevant characteristics of the German and Korean communities in the Czech Republic, which contribute to the historical-structural conditions that assist us in our analysis (cf. Tollefson 1991). We then examine the cases of two municipalities, Frenštát pod Radhoštěm and Frýdek-Místek, revealing that the observable diversifying impact of the Korean multinationals is considerably higher than that of the German multinationals, and at present is the object of significantly more socio-cultural management.
关键词
跨国公司 /
语言管理 /
捷克共和国 /
德国 /
韩国
Key words
multinational companies /
language management /
Czech Republic /
Germany /
Republic of Korea
吉里·内克瓦皮尔,塔玛·谢尔曼,何山华(译).
跨国公司如何改变周边语言环境:来自捷克的观察[J]. 语言战略研究. 2023, 8(2): 40-51 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20230204
Ji?í Nekvapil and Tamah Sherman.
How Multinational Corporations Change Their Linguistic Environment: An Observation from the Czech Republic[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2023, 8(2): 40-51 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20230204
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