摘要
上田万年构建的具有明确殖民语言战略意识的东洋语言学及其学术“谱系”,在东亚产生了很大的学术影响。在日本,上田万年东洋语言学战略意识与日本政府积极推行的“东亚殖民语言意识”遥相呼应,其影响力远远超出学术范畴,促使许多日本语言学学者的学术观念发生变化,使其学术研究变成为日本军国主义服务的政治行为。在中国,上田万年的学生胡以鲁部分地接受东洋语言学思想,并继承章太炎小学思想,出版了中国第一部国语学理论著作《国语学草创》。尽管该书以中国语为对象,是反上田万年之意而用,体现出建立中国现代语言学体系的理想,但也间接传播了上田万年的国语学思想。日本侵占中国台湾地区后,推行殖民语言政策,贯彻的都是上田万年东洋语言学的学术意图,其危害不容忽视。在朝鲜半岛,日本推行军国主义殖民语言政策与教育,但上田万年的国语学也唤醒了朝鲜语言学者的民族语言研究自觉意识。日本战败后,东亚各国语言学界既要去语言殖民化,也应对上田万年东洋语言学殖民语言战略的前因后果进行历史性反思。
Abstract
The East Asia linguistics established by Ueda Mannen with a clear linguistic strategy had a tremendous academic influence in the East Asian region. In Japan, the strategic advocacy of Ueda Mannen’s East Asia linguistics was a response to Japanese official aggressive policy of the colonialist East Asian language awareness. The influence of his theory went far beyond academic sphere to changing the ideologies of Japanese linguists. As a result, Ueda Mannen’s academic pursuance became a political behavior serving Japan’s militarism. In China, drawing on his ideas as ‘prototype’, Hu Yilu, Ueda Mannen’s student, published a book titled Preliminary Introduction to National Language Study, which targeted audiences in China. This work in fact was intended to criticize Ueda Mannen’s theory and it shows Chinese scholar's effort of developing own system of modern linguistics, but it also signifies Ueda Mannen’s national study influenced Chinese linguists in an indirect manner. After occupation of Taiwan, Japan started to promote its colonialist language policy, which was an actual implementation of Ueda Mannen’s conception in academia. In the Korean peninsula, whereas the Japan government endeavored to promote its militician colonialist language policy and education, it also aroused the nationalist awareness and consciousness of Korean linguists to conduct further research. After Japan’s surrender, East Asian linguists ought to decolonize the language study on the one hand, and on the other hand, they also should reflect on the cause and outcome of Ueda Mannen’s national language strategy.
关键词
上田万年 /
东洋语言学 /
国语学 /
殖民语言意识 /
影响
Key words
Ueda Mannen /
East Asia linguistics /
national language study /
awareness of colonialist language /
influence
李 逊,吴 畏.
上田万年东洋语言学对东亚语言研究的影响[J]. 语言战略研究. 2023, 8(2): 78-86 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20230207
Li Xun and Wu Wei.
Reflection on the Influence of Ueda Mannen’s East Asia Linguistics on the East Asian Language Studies[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2023, 8(2): 78-86 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20230207
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基金
国家哲学社会科学基金冷门绝学研究专项学术团队项目“东亚汉语音韵学史文献发掘与研究”(21VJXT014),国家哲学社会科学基金重点项目“东亚《韵镜》学史文献发掘及研究”(20AYY017)。