摘要
国际上的“家庭读写”概念内涵丰富,包括从儿童读写到儿童与父母共同读写以及指导父母如何帮助子女,再到掌握多种领域知识的能力等。而中文的“家庭读写”实际上就是指儿童读写,与常见的译名“家庭扫盲”并不等同。梳理中国家庭读写教育的相关制度建设、理论和实践的发展情况,可以发现,中国家庭读写教育的主要特点为:最早关注残障儿童家庭;以家校合作为主要实践路径;以亲子共读为重要方式。存在的主要问题是:理论研究与实践发展尚不充分,尤其是针对具有独特国情的本土化理论研究;参与部门不多,同国外的全社会总动员相比,还有很大差距;关注对象多为儿童,忽视作为成人的家长,忽视家长和儿童构成的家庭整体。建议重视家庭读写研究和实践,发展有中国本土特色的家庭教育理论;加强多部门协同合作,政府主导,全社会参与;建设“儿童+成人”读写共同体,发展代际项目,从关注儿童转向聚焦家庭。
Abstract
Family literacy education has received much academic attention in the past decades. This study clarifies the connotations and denotations of family literacy at home and abroad, and reviews relevant institutional building and the development of theories and practices in China’s family literacy education. The main characteristics of China’s family literacy education include a tendency to support children with disabilities, a focus on home-school cooperation, and a dominant form of parent-child reading. Its main problems include: 1) Theoretical and practical research is not yet sufficient, especially for localized theoretical research considering national conditions; 2) There are not many participating departments, and China lags behind some countries in terms of the societal mobilization; 3) The focus is mostly on children, to the neglect of parents as adults and the family as a unit composed of parents and children. This study suggests that we should attach more importance to the research and practice of family literacy, develop family education theories with Chinese characteristics; strengthen departmental collaboration, government leadership, and participation of the entire society; build a “children and adults” literacy community, develop intergenerational projects, and shift the focus from children to families.
关键词
家庭读写 /
中国式家庭读写 /
社会协同 /
“儿童+成人”读写共同体
Key words
family literacy /
Chinese family literacy /
social coordination /
“children and adults&rdquo /
literacy community
李英姿,王萍丽.
中国家庭读写教育的发展现状与思考[J]. 语言战略研究. 2023, 8(3): 25-34 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20230302
Li Yingzi and Wang Pingli.
Family Literacy Education in China: Review and Reflections[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2023, 8(3): 25-34 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20230302
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基金
国家社科基金重点项目“中国学前儿童语料库建设及运作研究”(19AYY010),天津市哲学社会科学规划资助项目“天津市家庭语言政策调查研究”(TJZW18-003),教育部中外语言合作交流中心项目“中国传统文化的跨文化传播”。