论语言智能的治理

饶高琦,周立炜

语言战略研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (3) : 38-48.

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语言战略研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (3) : 38-48. DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20240304
语言战略研究

论语言智能的治理

  • 饶高琦1,周立炜2
作者信息 +

On the Governance of Language Intelligence

  • Rao Gaoqi and Zhou Liwei
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摘要

语言智能在深刻改变语言治理的同时,自身也成为了语言治理的新对象。语言智能的治理,可以以数据和市场为抓手,因为数据是智能技术研发的起点,且直接来源于社会和市场,而市场应用则是智能技术研发的终点,也是研发的最终驱动力。从数据治理来看,语言数据资源决定着语言智能在性能、技术落地、关键领域应用和伦理安全等重要方面的表现,但目前中国很多行业数据化程度较低、数据质量不高,关键领域数据国产化程度有限,且伦理安全的地位亟待提高。从评价治理来看,学术机构和政府机构组织的技术评测已经成为推动智能技术和产品进步的重要手段,已形成“数据‒技术‒评测”闭环,但中国的技术评测在权威性、影响力、规划和设计科学程度上尚有提升空间。安全治理首先是能力问题,即能力落后于需求;其次是伦理安全问题,集中于语言资源、应用和社会文化方面。因此,语言智能治理首先要以数据为基础,以评测为牵引,提升语言智能能力;其次,要从数据、评测和使用等方面把好安全关,从理念、组织、实施、学科和社会文化等方面把好伦理关。

Abstract

The governance of language intelligence has profoundly transformed language governance while becoming a new focus of language governance itself. Governance of language intelligence can leverage data and market dynamics, as data serve as the starting point for research and development of intelligent technologies, directly sourced from society and markets, and market applications serve as the endpoint and ultimate driving force for research and development. From the perspective of data governance, language data resources determine key aspects of language intelligence such as the performance, technological implementation, critical domain applications, and ethical security. However, many industries in China currently exhibit low levels of data digitalization, poor data quality, limited domestication of critical domain data, and low standards of ethical security. Evaluation governance, organized by academic and governmental institutions, has become a key driver for advancing intelligent technologies and products, forming a closed loop of "data-technology-evaluation." Yet, there is room for improvement in China's technical evaluations in terms of authority, influence, scientific planning, and design. Security governance faces challenges of capabilities which lag behind demands, and ethical security issues which are reflected in language resources, applications, and societal culture. Therefore, effective language intelligence governance should be grounded in data and driven by evaluations to enhance language intelligence capabilities, while ensuring security across data, evaluations, and usage, and emphasizing ethical considerations in principles, organization, implementation, disciplines, and societal culture.

关键词

语言智能 / 语言治理 / 数据 / 伦理安全 / 技术评测

Key words

language intelligence / language governance / data / ethics security / technical evaluation

引用本文

导出引用
饶高琦,周立炜. 论语言智能的治理[J]. 语言战略研究. 2024, 9(3): 38-48 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20240304
Rao Gaoqi and Zhou Liwei. On the Governance of Language Intelligence[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2024, 9(3): 38-48 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20240304

基金

国家社会科学重大基金项目“‘两个一百年’背景下的语言国情调查与语言规划研究”(21&ZD289)。

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