摘要
“理必”,即“道理(理论)决定的必然”,是从乾嘉皖派学术中提炼出的一种超越具体经验归纳、以逻辑演绎推导必然性的科学方法论,是中国传统学术自发产生的科学思维典范。从“断代字法与小篆构形”(汉字点画有意之公理之必)、“律调音节与音系重音”(相对凸显与基频单一之必)、“韵律语法与相对凹显”(二元结构与生理节律之必)和“语体语法与交际距离”(形式–功能对生之必)4个维度展开的综合分析,证明“理必”思想在文字、韵律、句法、语体4个领域均具有普遍解释力与理论整合功能。“理必”思想不仅是构建根植于中国学术传统的知识体系的方法论基石,更是一种能够贯通中西、整合多层面的强大学术纲领,有助于推动中国语言文字学从“材料大国”向“理论强国”跨越,实现自主知识体系的科学化与现代化建构。
Abstract
This paper adopts the scientific perspective of “Logical Certainty” (Li Bi) derived from the Qian-Jia School to explore pathways to construct an autonomous knowledge system for Chinese language and script. Through a comprehensive analysis of four key relationships—namely, period-specific graphonomy and small seal script structure (the necessity of principled intentionality in the strokes of Chinese characters), metrical-tonal syllables and phonological stress (the necessity of relative prominence and F0-Unifunction Principle), prosodic grammar and relative prominence (the necessity of binary structure and bio-prosody), and register grammar and communicative distance (the necessity of Form-Function Cogenesis Principle)—this paper demonstrates the universality and explanatory power of the Logical Certainty across various linguistic and script-related dimensions. It is proposed that the Logical Certainty constitutes the intellectual core of the Qian-Jia School, serving not only as a methodological foundation for constructing a knowledge system rooted in Chinese scholarly tradition but also as a robust academic framework capable of integrating Chinese and Western perspectives and synthesizing multiple linguistic levels. This approach aims to advance Chinese linguistics from a “land of materials” to a “land of theories”, thereby facilitating the modern construction of an autonomous knowledge system.
关键词
自主知识体系 /
乾嘉“理必” /
律调音节 /
韵律语法 /
语体语法
Key words
autonomous knowledge system /
Qian-Jia Logical Certainty /
metrical-tonal syllable /
prosodic grammar /
register grammar
冯胜利.
乾嘉“理必”思想与中国语言文字自主知识体系[J]. 语言战略研究. 2026, 11(2): 14-27 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20260201
Feng Shengli.
Theoretical Reflections on the Construction of an Independent Knowledge System for Chinese Language and Script: A Scientific Perspective Based on the “Logical Certainty” (Li Bi) from the Qian-Jia School[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2026, 11(2): 14-27 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20260201
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基金
育部人文社科研究重点基地“北京师范大学民俗典籍文字研究中心”重大项目“段玉裁《说文解字注》学术思想深度挖掘与阐释”(22JJD740007)。