基于2022—2023年对印度尼西亚12个行政区1120名华裔新生代的问卷调查数据发现，当前印尼华人祖辈、父辈和子辈三代的华语能力呈U形趋势，子辈的华语水平较父辈已有所提升；汉语方言能力则表现为祖辈与父辈水平仍普遍较高，而子辈水平明显下降，呈递减趋势，代际传承的前景不容乐观。模型分析结果表明，汉语方言能力对印尼华裔新生代华语传承具有显著正向影响；即使在加入个体变量、家庭变量等因素后，汉语方言能力对印尼华裔华语传承的影响仍显著为正。调查还发现，家庭是印尼华裔新生代汉语方言习得的主要场所，0—3岁是他们习得汉语方言的关键期；只有靠家长的家庭语言规划与坚持使用，才能守住家庭这块汉语方言的最后领地，进而助力华裔新生代的华语传承。应重视汉语方言对印尼华裔新生代华语传承的助推作用，抓住其汉语方言习得的关键期，借助多方力量强化汉语方言对华语传承的推动作用，加强汉语方言文化产品供给以丰富语言产品获取路径。

Based on questionnaire data collected from 1120 respondents of the new generation of Indonesian Chinese across 12 administrative regions between 2022 and 2023, this study reveals a U-shaped trend in Huayu proficiency across three generations: grandparents, parents and children. The child generation demonstrates higher Huayu proficiency than the parent generation. In contrast, Chinese dialect proficiency shows a continuous decline: while grandparents and parents generally possess stronger dialect skills, there is a significant drop among the younger generation, indicating an unfavorable outlook for intergenerational dialect transmission. Regression analysis shows that Chinese dialect proficiency has a significantly positive effect on Huayu inheritance among the new generation of Indonesian Chinese, and this impact remains statistically significant after controlling for individual, family and other variables. The survey also finds that the family serves as the primary venue for young Indonesian Chinese to acquire dialects, with ages 0 to 3 as a critical period of dialect acquisition. Sustained family language planning and consistent parental use of dialects are essential to maintaining families as the last bastion for Chinese dialects, thereby supporting Huayu inheritance among young ethnic Chinese. It is important to recognize the role of Chinese dialects in facilitating Huayu transmission among the new generation of Indonesian Chinese, capitalize on their critical period for dialect acquisition, engage multiple stakeholders to reinforce the dialects’ contribution to Huayu retention, and increase the supply of Chinese dialect cultural products to diversify access to linguistic resources.