美国语言康复业快速发展的法规保障及其启示

廖 敏 高立群

语言战略研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (5) : 29-39.

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语言战略研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (5) : 29-39.
语言战略研究

美国语言康复业快速发展的法规保障及其启示

  • 廖 敏 高立群
作者信息 +

The Role of Legislation in Developing Speech Language Pathology Service in the United States

  • Liao Min and Gao Liqun
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摘要

美国是世界上语言康复产业最发达的国家。纵观其发展,教育和康复领域的法规建设对其语言康复产业在20 世纪80 年代到21 世纪初的快速发展起到 了决定性的作用。本文在简要介绍语言康复产业概念及美国语言康复产业的发展概况后,从产业要素的角度,分析了美国20 世纪70 年代到21 世纪初颁布的几部特殊教育和康复的重要法律有关语言康复产品、语言康复需求、语言康复消费、语言康复职业、语言康复技术、语言康复产业结构和产业投入等方面的内容,管窥美国法规建设对语言康复产业发展的巨大推进作用。这些对中国语言康复产业发展规划具有重要的启示作用。

Abstract

This paper describes the development of the Speech-Language Pathology (SLP) in the United States and the constructive role of legislation in regulating and facilitating SLP as a service. The United States has a more developed system in providing SLP service than any other country in the world. After a general review of its development, it is found that the legislation of special education and rehabilitation has played a decisive role in the rapid development of SLP service delivery in the US between the 1980s and 2000s. In this paper, fi rst, we briefl y introduce the concept of the SLP service delivery, and then we also outline the general picture of its development in the US, including the importance of establishing such a public service in meeting social demand. Second, treating SLP as a service industry or part of the healthcare industry, this paper analyses several important laws consecutively promulgated from the 1970s to the 2000s in special education and rehabilitation in the US, focusing on the product provision, consumption promotion, professional development, technology application, especially the service structure and investment in SLP service delivery. In this part, we also analyses the great impact of the law implementation on the development of SLP service delivery in the US. To conclude the discussion, we elaborate some important implications of the US experience in developing SLP service delivery in the near future in China.

关键词

语言病理学 / 语言康复产业 / 产业要素 / 法规建设

Key words

Speech-Language Pathology / Speech Language Pathology Service Delivery / Industrial Factors / Legislation

引用本文

导出引用
廖 敏 高立群. 美国语言康复业快速发展的法规保障及其启示[J]. 语言战略研究. 2017, 2(5): 29-39
Liao Min and Gao Liqun. The Role of Legislation in Developing Speech Language Pathology Service in the United States[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2017, 2(5): 29-39

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基金

本文是教育部学校特色项目《儿童语言习得相关课程及MEG 脑磁图成像实验系统建设项目》(TS2014BJYY009)的阶段性成果。

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