This article investigates the ethnic identity construction of the overseas Chinese communities living in Batam,Pontianak,and Pekanbaru,Indonesia,from the perspective of a minority linguistic landscape.The present research includes four aspects:the content analysis of public billboards and ethnic awareness;the parameter analysis of the codes used in public billboards and the ethnic attitudes;the word sequence analysis of public billboards and the behavior patterns;and the function of public billboards and ethnic identity.The research used 196 questionnaires and interviewed 110 ethnic Chinese Indonesians.The results show a strong consistency in the ethnic identity,language attitude,and language ability,which in turn indicates that Chinese speech communities have been developed in these regions.Furthermore,it shows that the linguistic landscape is an important aspect in evaluating the formation of a speech community in an ethnic minority group because the ethnolinguistic landscape can serve as an important means of reinforcing ethnolinguistic vitality and establishing ethnic identity.
刘慧. 印尼华族集聚区语言景观与族群认同——以峇淡、坤甸、北干巴鲁三地为例[J]. 语言战略研究, 2016, 1(1): 42-49.
Liu Hui. Linguistic Landscape and Ethnic Identity of Chinese Ethnic Communities in Indonesia—A Study in Batam,Pontianak,and Pekanbaru. , 2016, 1(1): 42-49.
Asif,Saiqa Imtiaz.2005.Seraiki Language and Ethnic Identity.Journal of Research (Faculty of Languages & Islamic Studies) 7,9-17.
Backhaus,Peter.2007.Linguistic Landscapes:A Comparative Study of Urban Multilingualism in Tokyo.Clevedon:Multilingual Matters,59.
Ben-Rafael,Eliezer,Elana Shohamy,Muhammad Hasan Amara,and Nira Trumper-Hecht.2006.Linguistic Landscape as Symbolic Construction of the Public Space:The Case of Israel.The International Journal of Multilingualism 3,7.Durk,Gorter.2006.Linguistic Landscape:A New Approach to Multilingualism.The International Journal of Multilingualism 3,1.
Fishman,Joshua A.and Ofelia García.2010.Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity:Disciplinary and Regional Perspectives.New York:Oxford University Press,15.
Hicks,Davyth.2002.Scotland’s Linguistic Landscape:The Lack of Policy and Planning with Scotland’s Place-names and Signage.http://www.linguapax.org/congres/taller/taller2/Hicks.html.
Jaspal,Rusi and Adrian Coyle.2010.My Language,My People:Language and Ethnic Identity among Young Second Generation British-born South Asians.South Asian Diaspora 2(2),201-218.
Landry,Rodrigue and Richard Y.Bourhis.1997.Linguistic Landscape and Ethnolinguistic Vitality:An Empirical Study.Journal of Language and Social Psychology,16 (1).23-49.
Phinney,J.1992.The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure:A New Scale for Use with Adolescents and Young Adults from Diverse Groups.Journal of Adolescent Research7,156-176.
Phinney,Jean S.,Irma Romero,Monica Nava,and Dan Huang.2001.The Role of Language,Parents,and Peers in Ethnic Identity among Adolescents in Immigrant Families.Journal of Youth and Adolescence30(2),135-153.
Pigott,Brooke S.and Madeline A.Kalbach.2005.Language Effects on Ethnic Identity in Canada.Canadian Ethnic Studies Journal(HTML).Retrieved 7 December 2011.http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb039/is_2_37/ai_n29231071/.
Roberts,Robert E.,Jean S.Phinney,Louise C.Masse,Y.Richard Chen,Catherine R.Roberts,and Andrea Romero.1999.The Structure of Ethnic Identity in Young Adolescents from Diverse Ethnocultural Groups.Journal of Early Adolescence19,301-322.
Spolsky,Bernard.2009.Prolegomena to a Sociolinguistic Theory of Public Signage.In Shohamy,Elana andDurk Gorter (eds.),Linguistic Landscape:Expanding the Scenery.London:Routledge,25-39.
Spolsky,Bernard and Robert L.Cooper.1991.The Language of Jerusalem.Oxford:Clarendon Press,76-81.
Starks,Donna,Melenaite Taumoefolau,Allan Bell,and Karen Davis.2005.Language as a Marker of Ethnic Identity in New Zealand’s Pasifika Community.Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Bilingualism.Somerville:Cascadilla Press,2189-2196.