Abstract:The governance of language intelligence has profoundly transformed language governance while becoming a new focus of language governance itself. Governance of language intelligence can leverage data and market dynamics, as data serve as the starting point for research and development of intelligent technologies, directly sourced from society and markets, and market applications serve as the endpoint and ultimate driving force for research and development. From the perspective of data governance, language data resources determine key aspects of language intelligence such as the performance, technological implementation, critical domain applications, and ethical security. However, many industries in China currently exhibit low levels of data digitalization, poor data quality, limited domestication of critical domain data, and low standards of ethical security. Evaluation governance, organized by academic and governmental institutions, has become a key driver for advancing intelligent technologies and products, forming a closed loop of "data-technology-evaluation." Yet, there is room for improvement in China's technical evaluations in terms of authority, influence, scientific planning, and design. Security governance faces challenges of capabilities which lag behind demands, and ethical security issues which are reflected in language resources, applications, and societal culture. Therefore, effective language intelligence governance should be grounded in data and driven by evaluations to enhance language intelligence capabilities, while ensuring security across data, evaluations, and usage, and emphasizing ethical considerations in principles, organization, implementation, disciplines, and societal culture.