A Study of Language Ecology and Language Policy in Bhutan

Zhang Zhiguo

Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning ›› 2016, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (3) : 76-82.

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Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning ›› 2016, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (3) : 76-82.

A Study of Language Ecology and Language Policy in Bhutan

  • Zhang Zhiguo
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Abstract

In this study, drawing upon language ecology theory proposed by Haugen (1972), I first review the language profi le in Bhutan from Cooper’s (1989) perspective of status planning, corpus planning and acquisition planning, and continue with an analysis of the features of Bhutan’s language situation and the developing course of its policy formation. There are nineteen indigenous languages being used in Bhutan, one being Dzongkha which is used as both the national language and offi cial language alongside with English. In summarizing its official commitments in language maintenance, I argue that the trajectory of Bhutan’s language policy implementation is characterized by pluralism with overarching national and official languages. The unique aspect of Bhutan’s LPP is the integration of language management with Gross National Happiness. Finally, the study concludes by revealing two implications for the language planning practice in China.

Key words

Bhutan / language ecology / language policy / Dzongkha / English

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Zhang Zhiguo. A Study of Language Ecology and Language Policy in Bhutan[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2016, 1(3): 76-82

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