广州人语言态度与粤语认同传承
Language Attitudes of Guangzhou People and Inheritance of Cantonese Identity
通过对近300名广州人的问卷调查,结合访谈发现:广州人的母语已不单纯是粤语,且正在出现代际语言转移现象,90%的广州人是双言者。广州人对粤语的评价最高,显著高于普通话和英语,尤其在情感方面,表现出对地域方言和身份的强烈认同;然而,超过一半广州人对粤语的未来持悲观态度。对英语的评价略高于普通话,英语教育趋低龄化;粤语传承预测在女性、移居家庭背景等人群中会受到挑战。参考语言活力评级标准,粤语可评价为“有活力,但受到冲击、活力出现下降苗头”。传承粤语要社会多方合力,方言是文化认同的重要内容,使用者需全面认识粤语的价值。
Based on a survey of almost 300 respondents in Guangzhou with follow-up interviews, the study fi nds that Cantonese is no longer the primary language of the people in Guangzhou, manifesting language shift across generations. Over ninety percent of the people in Guangzhou are bilinguals (or multilinguals). Their positive evaluation towards Cantonese is much higher than Putonghua or English, indicating strong affective and integrated orientation towards this regional language. Nonetheless, more than half of the respondents are pessimistic about the future of Cantonese. It is also found that the attitude towards English is higher than Putonghua and English language education is showing a younger-age tenden cy. Cantonese main tenance is being challenged in certain communities such as those among females, with higher education and immigrants. With reference to the evaluation criteria of ethnolinguistic vitality, Cantonese can be taken as “a strong language under threat and showing some signs of declining vitality”. The paper concludes that Cantonese maintenance relies on the synergy of various aspects of the society. Dialect is a key component of the cultural identity and the values of Cantonese maintenance should be better and fully understood.
language attitude / people in Guangzhou / Cantonese / identity / language maintenance
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