国内经济学视角语言与贫困研究的现状与思考
Domestic Research on Language and Poverty from the Perspective of Economics: Current Situation and Considerations
目前我国学界主要从经济学视角对语言与贫困关系进行相关的探讨。我们从宏观层面语言多样性影响经济发展、微观层面语言能力影响劳动收入这两个维度对现有研究进行综述。研究表明语言多样性不仅会影响经济发展,还会影响到劳动力流通等影响经济发展的变量,其作用机制包括语言多样性影响沟通、教育和人力资本积累、技术扩散以及社会信任等;普通话能力、外语能力和方言技能都会在一定条件下对劳动者收入和就业发挥作用。这些研究为我国开展语言扶贫提供了理论基础,同时其所揭示的语言对经济影响的异质性、伴随性、周期性等特征和规律可为研究语言与贫困,以及推进语言扶贫提供参考。
The relationship between language and poverty has become a research area in China’s language planning studies. At present, Chinese researchers mainly focus on the infl uence of language ability on poverty or vice versa from the perspective of economics. This paper makes a review of the domestic language-and-poverty studies in the lens of macro- and micro-economics:on the one hand, linguistic diversity aff ects economic development; on the other hand, language ability aff ects labor income. Previous studies have shown that linguistic diversity not only aff ects economic development, but also aff ects other variables that hold sway for economic development, such as labor circulation. The language-related factors that influence economic development may include linguistic diversity, communication, education and human capital accumulation, technology diff usion, and social trust. Moreover, foreign language ability and dialect skills play a role in the income and employment of workers under certain conditions. These studies provide a theoretical basis for language poverty alleviation in China. In addition, the findings about the heterogeneity, coexistence and periodicity of the language impacts on the economics of a society can provide a reference for the study of language and poverty, as well as the promotion of language poverty alleviation.
language poverty alleviation / linguistic diversity / language ability / language policy
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