方言代际传承中的父母媒介转译行为

汪卫红,张晓兰

语言战略研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (2) : 12-22.

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语言战略研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (2) : 12-22. DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20190201
语言战略研究

方言代际传承中的父母媒介转译行为

  • 汪卫红,张晓兰
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Parents as Medium Translators in the Intergenerational Transmission of Fangyan

  • Wang Weihong and Xiao Lan Curdt-Christiansen
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摘要

本研究着重探讨父母在方言代际传承中的角色。研究采用民族志的数据收集方法,收集了13组城市家庭在吃饭、辅导作业和陪小孩玩耍等日常生活中的家庭语言交流语料。对比分析这些语料,我们发现没有实现方言代际传承家庭的父母在家庭语言规划时,存在一种值得重视的媒介转译现象。这里媒介转译是指作为中间层的父母在跟上一辈的祖父母和下一辈的孩子交流时的一种有意无意的语言媒介转换行为,即把方言转译成普通话,或把普通话转译成方言。尽管祖父母在孙辈的抚养中起着重要作用,孙辈也从小就生活在方言环境中,但很多孩子不会说方言,这跟父辈在祖辈和孙辈交流中的媒介转译行为有很大关系。这种媒介转译行为在小孩从方言向普通话的转移中起了重要的推动作用,语言的代际转换也在这种日常家庭交流中潜移默化地完成。

Abstract

Family language policy, as bottom-up language planning endeavours in relation to language use among family members, provides a lens to examine parental language practice. This study takes an ethnographic approach to explore the role of parents as mediators in intergenerational language transmission in thirteen families in Wuhan, China. Everyday communication data were collected from these families, including dinner table talks, homework tutoring interactions, and interactions in children’s playtime. Through comparative conversation analysis, the study shows that medium translation was a de facto parental language practice observed in these three-generation households where fangyan (dialect) and Putonghua (standard Chinese) were used for daily communication. Medium translation involved translation from fangyan to Putonghua or vice versa when parents engaged in family conversations between the grandparent generation and the grandchild generation. Although the grandparents played a key role in grandchild care and the grandchildren were exposed to fangyan since their births, few children could effectively speak fangyan. As the parents acted as “medium translators” between the grandparents and the grandchildren, language shift to Putonghua is ‘talked into being’ with the parents shielding their children from fangyan. This paper concludes with a discussion of the implications for fanyan transmission in family language planning in China’s sociolinguistic context.

关键词

媒介转译 / 家庭语言政策 / 方言 / 普通话 / 代际传递

Key words

medium translation / family language policy / fangyan (dialect) / Putonghua / intergenerational transmission

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导出引用
汪卫红,张晓兰. 方言代际传承中的父母媒介转译行为[J]. 语言战略研究. 2019, 4(2): 12-22 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20190201
Wang Weihong and Xiao Lan Curdt-Christiansen. Parents as Medium Translators in the Intergenerational Transmission of Fangyan[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2019, 4(2): 12-22 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20190201

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