家庭中的“声音”:海外华人家庭语言规划案例二则

董 洁

语言战略研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (2) : 51-59.

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语言战略研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (2) : 51-59. DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20190205
语言战略研究

家庭中的“声音”:海外华人家庭语言规划案例二则

  • 董 洁
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Voice in Family: An Ethnography of Overseas Chinese Family Language Planning

  • Dong Jie
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摘要

本文使用Hymes的声音理论,对两则民族志语料进行分析,探讨海外华人家庭的语言规划和家庭语言使用状况。随着我国经济发展和全球化程度加深,海外华人的全球移动轨迹愈加复杂。许多人由于工作原因或商业需要,频繁往来于移入国和移出国之间,其语言资源更加丰富、语言使用更加复杂、社会影响力也更大。新的语言和社会现象要求我们不仅要对宏观状况进行把握,更要对微观情况进行全面、深入和细致的分析。本文采用民族志研究方法,对两个华人移民家庭进行长期跟踪研究,讨论他们的家庭语言规划。研究显示,两个移民家庭处于不同的移民阶段(一个是第一代移民,一个是第三代移民),子女处于不同成长阶段(一个家庭的子女未成年,一个已经成年),家庭语言规划方式不同(一个是显性规划,一个是隐性规划),但是两个家庭对语言的规划类似,即英语和移民目国语言为公共空间语言,鼓励子女使用普通话,而家乡方言则在家长之间使用。

Abstract

This article uses Hymes’ notion of voice to analyze ethnographic data and to discuss language planning in two overseas Chinese families. As China’s economic growth and increasing global involvement, Chinese immigrants demonstrate more complex global movement trajectories than their earlier counterparts; many of them travel frequently between China and their immigration destinations for work or business purposes, bringing them more linguistic resources and making them more active on a global scale. The new and complex phenomena press us to employ a nuanced method in order to study the migrants in a holistic and comprehensive way. This ethnographic study finds that the two families demonstrate similar family language planning strategies, i.e. they use English and other immigration destination languages in the public domain, Putonghua as a preferred language in the home, and other Chinese dialects only among parents and older relatives, although the two families are of different immigration stages (the first generation vs. the third generation immigrants), and the children are of different age groups.

关键词

声音理论 / 家庭语言政策 / 语言意识形态 / 元语用话语 / 民族志研究

Key words

voice / family language planning / language ideology / meta-discourse / ethnography

引用本文

导出引用
董 洁. 家庭中的“声音”:海外华人家庭语言规划案例二则[J]. 语言战略研究. 2019, 4(2): 51-59 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20190205
Dong Jie. Voice in Family: An Ethnography of Overseas Chinese Family Language Planning[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2019, 4(2): 51-59 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20190205

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