摘要
以色列国建立后,语言背景各异的移民大量涌入,以色列政府对他们的希伯来语教育不仅使他们快速融入新国家,为国家发展做出贡献,而且复活了消逝近两千年的希伯来语口语,成就举世瞩目。这一过程中,政府的国家整体规划和微观指导起到了至关重要的作用。以色列的希伯来语教育政策大致经历了从“希伯来语单语教育”阶段到“以希伯来语为核心的多语言教育”阶段的演变,教育实践则以注重实用、灵活和科学为特点。以色列对外来移民的希伯来语教育启发其他国家:对于第二语言教育,国家层面要做好教育规划,教学实践则应重视日常应用和游戏对第二语言早期发展的促进作用,制定基于科学的第二语言读写教育方案,注重儿童元语言意识的培养。
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed a large-scale transnational movement of people around the world and an increasing attention on language education for immigrants. This study reviews Hebrew education for immigrants in Israel. After the founding of Israel, large numbers of immigrants with different language backgrounds poured in. The Hebrew education for immigrants implemented by the Israeli government not only helped the immigrants quickly integrate into the new country and contribute to the national development, but also revived the Hebrew spoken language that has disappeared for nearly two thousand years. This review shows that in the process of making these world-renowned achievements, the government’s macro national policies and micro guidelines have played vital roles. In Israel, the Hebrew education policy has roughly evolved from the stage of “Hebrew monolingual education” to the stage of “multilingual education with Hebrew as the core” with an emphasis on practicability, flexibility and scientific teaching methods in practice. The implications of Israel’s Hebrew education for immigrants for other countries’ second language education include optimizing education planning at the national level, stressing the role of daily practical use and play in children’s early second language development, formulating research-based second language literacy education program, and cultivating metalinguistic awareness in young bilingual children.
关键词
以色列 /
希伯来语 /
第二语言教育 /
政策与实践 /
语言规划
Key words
Israel /
Hebrew /
second language education /
policy and practice /
language planning
安娜·古列维奇,尹 莉.
以色列外来移民希伯来语教育的实践和意义[J]. 语言战略研究. 2021, 6(5): 60-68 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20210505
Anna Gurevich and Yin Li.
Hebrew Education for Immigrants in Israel: Practice and Implications[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2021, 6(5): 60-68 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20210505
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