摘要
方言文化指具有文化意义和文化价值的方言现象、方言使用和方言本身;方言文化保护首先要调查保存,进而要开发应用。中国的方言文化保护研究是近20年来兴起的新领域,发端于对语言濒危现象的关注,其研究理念、方法和技术随着对“语言遗产”“科学保护各民族语言文字”等理念或政策研究的深入而日臻成熟,在中国语言资源保护工程实施中得到发展完善,并形成了创建方言文化博物馆、创作方言文化艺术作品、组织方言文化校园活动和研发方言科技产品等开发应用方言文化的四大路径。方言文化保护是中国“主体多样”语言政策的深化发展,对实施乡村振兴战略、制定国家关键语言战略至关重要,也是中国语保为世界语保提供理论、经验和技术的重要领域。
Abstract
The dialect culture refers to dialect forms, dialect use, and dialect classification which are valued for their cultural significance and values. The primary goal of dialect culture protection is to preserve and develop dialects based on linguistic surveys. The protection of dialect culture in China has emerged as a new subject field over the past two decades due to the introduction of the view that sees dialects as a resource in maintaining social harmony and justice. Originated from the study of language endangerment, the research concepts, methods, and technologies for dialect culture protection have become more mature as the awareness of the concepts of “language as heritage” and “scientific protection of every ethnic group’s language”. In an extensive review of the past two decades’ experience, this study finds that four approaches to the protection of dialect culture have emerged, namely the establishment of dialect culture museums, the creation of dialect culture and art, the organization of dialect culture campus activities, and the introduction of IT products for dialects. This study argues that the protection of dialect culture is a further development of the national language policy of unity with diversity, which is a crucial contribution to the implementation of the national development strategy of rural revitalization. China’s effort in this area provides theoretical, practical, and technical references to the global community.
关键词
方言文化 /
语言资源 /
保护传承 /
开发应用
Key words
dialect culture /
language resources /
protection and inheritance /
development and application
王莉宁,康健侨.
中国方言文化保护的现状与思考[J]. 语言战略研究. 2022, 7(4): 76-85 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20220406
Wang Lining and Kang Jianqiao.
Thoughts on Current Situation of Chinese Dialect Cultural Protection[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2022, 7(4): 76-85 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20220406
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基金
国家语委专项“中华优秀语言文化传承发展专题研究”(YB2112A007)。感谢编辑部和审稿专家提出了富有启发的意见和建议,文中谬误概由作者负责。