闽南方言在马来西亚的传承、发展与价值

王晓梅

语言战略研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (2) : 15-22.

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语言战略研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (2) : 15-22. DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20250202
专题研究

闽南方言在马来西亚的传承、发展与价值

  • 王晓梅
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The Inheritance, Development and Value of Southern Min Dialect in Malaysia

  • Wang Xiaomei
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摘要

由于马来西亚华人中福建人数量占优,闽南方言(当地称福建话)成为华人社会的强势方言之一,并与马来语相互影响。吉兰丹土生华人的福建话已经克里奥尔语化,与主流福建话差异很大,甚至不能通话;峇峇马来语和巴刹马来语是在语法上受到福建话影响的混合语;当今马来语中的汉语借词,绝大部分来自福建话。马来西亚华语包含很多闽南方言词语,形成区别于其他地区的华语地域变体。槟城是马来西亚福建文化的名片,而至今活力十足的槟城福建话则是槟城福建文化的象征,是槟城的非物质文化遗产。闽南方言在马来西亚既有工具性、资源性,也有遗产性。研究闽南方言与马来语的接触,不仅具有语言学上的意义,也可以为华人移民史研究提供佐证;重视对马来西亚闽南方言及其文化的保护与传承,对于促进马来西亚与闽南文化圈、华人文化圈及其经济圈的连接,具有重要的意义。

Abstract

As the Southern Min Dialect speakers are dominant among the Chinese in Malaysia, the dialect (locally known as Hokkien) has become one of the prevalent dialects in the Chinese community and has influenced mutual exchanges with Malay. The Min spoken by the Chinese native to Kelantan has become a creole that is so different from the mainstream Min that mutual intelligibility is lost. Baba Malay and Pasar Malay are mixed languages that are grammatically influenced by Min. The majority of the Chinese loanwords in Malay today originate from Min. Malaysian Mandarin contains many Southern Min dialect words, forming a regional variant of global Chinese distinct from other regions. Penang is a significant hub of Malaysia’s Min culture, with Penang Min exhibiting considerable vitality and serving as a symbol of the region’s intangible cultural heritage. The Southern Min dialect holds instrumental, resource-oriented and heritage-oriented values in Malaysia. Researching the contact between the Southern Min dialect and Malay is not only of linguistic significance, but also provides valuable insights for studying the history of Chinese immigration. Emphasizing the protection and inheritance of the Southern Min dialect and its culture in Malaysia is crucial for enhancing the connection between Malaysia and the broader Southern Min cultural circle, the Chinese cultural circle, and the associated economic activities.

关键词

闽南方言 / 马来西亚 / 方言传承

Key words

Southern Min dialect / Malaysia / dialect inheritance

引用本文

导出引用
王晓梅. 闽南方言在马来西亚的传承、发展与价值[J]. 语言战略研究. 2025, 10(2): 15-22 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20250202
Wang Xiaomei. The Inheritance, Development and Value of Southern Min Dialect in Malaysia[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2025, 10(2): 15-22 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20250202
中图分类号: H002   

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