医者视角的医患沟通语言问题、影响因素及相关对策

姜琳琳, 鲍玉荣, 王委委, 黄 蔚

语言战略研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (4) : 16-24.

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语言战略研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (4) : 16-24. DOI: 10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20250402
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医者视角的医患沟通语言问题、影响因素及相关对策

  • 姜琳琳1,鲍玉荣2,王委委1,黄 蔚1
作者信息 +

A Study of Doctor-Patient Communication from Healthcare Providers’ Perspective: Language Problems, Influencing Factors, and Suggestions

  • Jiang Linlin, Bao Yurong, Wang Weiwei and Huang Wei
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摘要

对北京某大型三甲医院医护人员的调查发现,医者视角下的医患沟通主要语言问题包括:(1)患者语言障碍,包括方言障碍、特殊人群语言障碍;(2)患者表达欠缺,包括生活化语言难以转换为诊断学语言,表达方式不当造成信息损失;(3)医患认知差异,包括医疗信息认知不对称、语体色彩理解偏差和沟通错位。导致这些问题的因素来自于医者、患者以及外部环境等多方面:医者的专业能力、沟通意识和技巧、职业规范和道德;患者的个体差异、心理情感状态、健康和维权意识;就诊环境、媒体与社会氛围等。建议:医护人员加强语言沟通意识,精准提升语言沟通技能;医院建立标准化语言沟通机制,多样化开展医学科普;社会规范舆论引导,鼓励多元主体参与健康语言服务。

Abstract

The past decades have witnessed a rapid development of research on health communication, and scholars have explored health communication from different perspectives. This study focuses on doctor-patient communication from the perspective of healthcare providers. A survey conducted among medical staff at a top-tier general hospital in Beijing reveals that the primary language problems in doctor-patient communication from the healthcare providers’ perspective include: (1) patients’ language barriers, including dialect barriers and communication difficulties for special groups; (2) deficiencies in patients’ expressions, such as their inability to translate laymen’s language into diagnostic terms, and information loss due to inappropriate expressions; (3) cognitive differences, involving the asymmetry in medical information comprehension, the misinterpretation of language styles, and the communication mismatch. Contributing factors stem from multiple dimensions such as healthcare providers (e.g., professional competence, communication awareness/skills, professional norms and ethics), patients (e.g., individual traits, psychological and emotional state, health/rights awareness), and external factors (e.g., consulting environment, media influence and social atmosphere). Based on the findings of this study, some suggestions are proposed as follows: healthcare providers should enhance communication awareness and language precision skills; hospitals establish standardized communication protocols and diversify medical science popularization; social media be regulated and guided, and more participation be encouraged in health language services.

关键词

医患沟通 / 医者视角 / 语言障碍 / 表达欠缺 / 认知差异

Key words

doctor-patient communication / healthcare providers’ perspective / language barrier / deficiency in expression / cognitive difference

引用本文

导出引用
姜琳琳, 鲍玉荣, 王委委, 黄 蔚. 医者视角的医患沟通语言问题、影响因素及相关对策[J]. 语言战略研究. 2025, 10(4): 16-24 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20250402
Jiang Linlin, Bao Yurong, Wang Weiwei and Huang Wei. A Study of Doctor-Patient Communication from Healthcare Providers’ Perspective: Language Problems, Influencing Factors, and Suggestions[J]. Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning. 2025, 10(4): 16-24 https://doi.org/10.19689/j.cnki.cn10-1361/h.20250402
中图分类号: H002   

基金

国家社科基金一般项目“多方利益主体参与的互联网医院质量安全管理评价标准体系研究”(22BGL315)。《语言战略研究》编辑部、匿名审稿专家对本文提出了宝贵修改意见,特此致谢。

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